1- (10 points) Explain the correlation between OSI and TCP/IP model. Then provide example protocols for Applications and Transport layers in TCP/IP model.
2- (5 points) Explain the difference between TCP and UDP Transport protocols.
3- (4 points) Answer the following questions based on the format of a TCP packet: a. How many bits are reserved for control information? b. How many bits is reserved for source address? c. How many bits is reserved for destination address? d. How many bits is reserved for payload?
4- (6 points) Fill in the blanks: a. __________ is based on travelling datagrams through internetworks one hop at a time. The entire route is unknown at the beginning of the journey. b. __________ is group-based communication. It can be one-to-many or many-to-many distribution. c. The most important requirement of a _______ network is the ability to treat different data types differently. d. _______ process transmits telephone calls (voice) over the internet. 2 e. _______ is the standard recommended by the ITU for low bit-rate voice transmission over the Internet. f. ________ is an unencrypted message data. 5- (5 points) Describe the encryption process and the way it works.
6- (10 points) How is Brute-force attack different from Dictionary attack?
7- (5 points) Suppose you want to create password using lowercase (a~z) and uppercase (A~Z) English alphabet characters, as well as numbers 0~9. How many possible passwords can be generated if the length of the password is 5?
8- (5 points) What is password entropy? How is it calculated?
9- (10 points) What is malware and what are its classifications? Explain each type. What is the base of these classifications?
10-(10 points) Define malware payload. What are the main characteristics of malware payload?
11-(5 points) Explain how does a computer worm spread?
12-(13 points) Define the following concepts:
a. Spyware
b. Man-in-the-Middle
c. Spam
d. Phishing
e. Pharming
f. Multiplexing
g. Modulation
h. Bandwidth
i. Synchronous communication
j. Asynchronous communication
k. Simplex communication
l. Half-duplex communication
m. Full-duplex communication
