1} When to analyze DNA vs RNA: In what type of situations/diseases is it more appropriate to analyze one’s DNA and when it is more appropriate to analyze RNA samples?
2} Poly-A tail and 5″² cap:In eukaryotic cells, RNA transcripts undergo some processing after transcription, such as addition of 5′ cap and poly-A tail. What is the general role of these two events? Why do you think it might be more important for eukaryotes to have these modification compared to prokaryotes?
3} Deleterious effects of point mutations:A point mutation in DNA sequence can sometimes completely alter protein structure/function leading to a disease. Can you think of an example of such a disease? Describe the specific DNA sequence change and what happens to the protein due to the change.
4} Point mutations with little effect:In contrast to the previous question, a point mutation in DNA sometimes have very little effect on protein function and human health. In what situations a point mutation has minimum effect?
5) Exonuclease?:What is the major role of exonuclease? What might happen if this function is lost from the cells
6} Regulation of DNA replication vs RNA transcription: In the lecture, we talked a little bit about the regulation of RNA transcription, but not much about DNA replication. What do you think is the major differences? (Think about when does a particular RNA is transcribed, vs when DNA is replicated. Are all the genes transcribed at the same time?)
7} DNA/RNA calculations

Suppose you have 100uL RNA. Take 10 uL, dilute in water to make 1000 uL solution and obtained OD260 = 0.3. What is the original concentration of RNA? How much RNA in total did you get?
Show your calculation, and let us know what dilution factor you used. What would be the difference if you are calculating DNA concentration instead of RNA?

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